Animation in 3D Studio MAX (Part 2).

Setting up an animation using keys and schedules

In the lesson on animation, we examined an automatic way of placing the keys.

Now we will study a more complicated way - manual placement of key animation. Why is it needed?
Automatic method involves a smooth change of parameters of the object from the key to the key. But what if we want to change the intensity of the changes? Or just want to do is not smooth, but dovolnorezkoe change? In this case, we need to manually install the keys.It is this way - manual placement of keys we consider in this lesson.

As an example we will create a simple scene: a bouncing ball. First, create a Plane with dimensions 200x200, and the coordinates of X = Y = Z = 0 and Sphere with a radius of 20 and the coordinates X = 0, Y = 0 Z = 60.

Z = 60, we have to object to the beginning of the animation hung at some height from which it will subsequently fall.

In Fig. A plane and a sphere - zagatovka future of animation.

We do not need 100 frames, as the ball will be repeating the same movement. Consequently, the roller can be <loop>. To do this, we can do less than 100, the number of frames. Reduce the number of frames in the strip of TimeLine. Call the box Time Configuration.

Figure 2. Button Time Configuration.

Change zanchenie Length (number of frames) is 50.

Now, on to the alignment of key animation. First you need to install the key in the 0-th frame, thereby fixing the initial position of the object.To do this, select the sphere and go to the tab Motion.

Figure 3. Location tab of Motion.

Here we see two columns: Create Key (a key) and Delete Key (delete key). It is in this section and are key animation parameters of the three objects: Position (position), Rotation (rotation) and Scale (scale).

Figure 4.

Note:

There are many other types of keys. For example, the keys of the material editor.

At this point we need only Position (as we will change only the position of an object in space, without affecting its rotation around its axis and scaling). Click on the appropriate button in the column Create Key.

Then you will see that the band appeared on a temporary key in the 0-th frame. It is highlighted in red.

Figure 5. Put the key in the zero frame (frame on the time bar is highlighted in red).

Note:

Key icon may sostoyatiz three colors: red, green and blue. If this key parameter is changed only Position, the color key - the red, if theRotation - Green, Scale - Blue. If all three parameters are changed, it will be a key icon, like a traffic light, tri-color.

See the key parameters supplied in two ways:

1) In the Motion tab buttons for Position, Rotation, Scale (the active button shows what it is setting display properties). Since in this vein, we just stepped Position, it is something we are interested.

Figure 6. Key properties of the parameter Position.

You must first select the axis of the section Position XYZ Parameters. By default, the active X-axis, but since we changed the position of the object height, so you want to enable the axis Z (as shown in the figure). Then look at the key parameters in the section Key Info: Time- the current frame, Value - the value of the selected axis. In our case, we see that in the zero frame (Time = 0) the object is at a height of 60 along the axis Z (active axis Z, Value = 60).

2) can in the time zone by right-clicking on the key and get a drop down menu where you need to select <object name>: Z Position. Do not forget that all these operations performs with the selected object (otherwise the program is not clear what the keys Owned object in the scene you want to adjust).

Now we need 2 more keys: the down position and then the top. Accordingly, the staff of the 25th and 50th. So: in the 0-th frame already has the value of the ball: X = 0, Y = 0, Z = 60. In the 25th frame back in the Motion tab, click Create Key -> Position and Value of Special wall along the Z axis in the parameters key: Value = 20. In the 50th frame: the axis Z, Value = 60.

Quest for reflection:

Note that the initial position and final match (think why). In the 25th frame, we move the object is not in the 0 to Z, and 20 (think why).

Now, if we lose the animation, the ball will fly back and forth. If you look at the animation, we see that it is unrealistic to fly. No effect of impact on the plane, flying the plane, the ball slows down his movement. This implies that in addition to key animation there is something that can speed up, slow down or to make a uniform change in the parameter (in this case, the value peremscheniya axis Z) from one key to another.

Graphics animation

Have you noticed that in addition to the parameters of the key values ​​in the tab Motion (selected for the Z axis and the active buttonPosition) there are large buttons with graphics

Figure 7. Graphics animation.

This is a standard chart types to customize the nature of the change parameters, to the value of the keyframe - In, and then the values ​​-Out.

Now try to imagine what a graph of the animation.

Figure 8. The intensity of the object from zhvizheniya klyuchak key.

1) Black schedule - what we have now. The smooth change in the motion of the keys to lyuchu.
2) Blue - what to get. The acceleration of the ball as it approaches the plane, and deceleration with distance.
3) Green - something that can happen (wrong move).

What would cause our schedule to the right to view graphs of In and Out in 25 - m frame to do the following:

Figure 9. Altered schedules In and Out in the 25th frame.

Now it's our ball is repelled from the surface, accelerating while approaching and after hitting the surface and slowing down in the upper position.

Graphics editor, and keys.

To edit the graphics in the process of changing the parameters of the animation in 3D Studio Max there is the editor of graphs Graph Editor -> Track View - Curve Editor

Figure 10. Window Track View - Curve Editor.

In our case, we immediately see a graph of the parameter Z. That may not happen if a lot of animations. You can filter the graphs by clicking on the Filters, and thereby causing the corresponding window.

Figure 11. Button Filters window Track View - Curve Editor.

Figure 12. Window Filters

There's a rollout Show Onl y select Animated Track

Figure 13. Scroll of Show Only

Will now show only the parameters of animated objects.

But back to the graphics animation. On it we see a small <squares> - the animation keys. They can add their own, using the tool Add Keys; You can also choose the standard types of charts

Figure 14. Button Add Keys.

You may receive the key when you click on the right mouse button.

There is also a window for editing only key animation. It is located in the menu Graph Editor a Track View Drop Sheet.

Assignment:

Create an object in addition to the impact of the plane yet and its distortion (Squashing).

Recommendations:

It must be remembered that the animation takes place only on the key to the key, and we will not be enough to put the key type Scale in the frame 25, making the parameter Z equal to, for example, 60%. In this case, the object will gradually flatten from the 0th to the 25th frame .. We need to have at least two key types Scale around the 25th frame. Use the 23rd and 28th frames, in order to flatten the ball between 23 and 25 overs, and "flatten" between 25 and 28.

You also need to flattening did not occur with respect to the center of the sphere:

Figure 15. The ball flattened uniformly about the center.

A relative to the bottom of the sphere (which relates to the surface):

Figure 16. The ball flattened relative to the zone of contact with the plane.

Need to shift the local coordinate system (in any frame) down to Z on 20. All of the following coordinates in the other keys are automatically changed. Editing the local coordinate system is in the tab Hierarchy -> Pivot -> Affect Pivot Only. About. That provided details to the lesson on arrays of objects. Do not forget to exit the Affect Pivot Only after moving the local coordinate system!